Whereas in other parts of the Ural Mountains they grow up to an altitude of 1000 m, in the Polar Urals the tree line is at 250–400 m. The polar forests are low and are mixed with swamps, lichens, bogs and shrubs. [1] There are nine strict nature reserves in the Urals: the Ilmen, the oldest one, mineralogical reserve founded in 1920 in Chelyabinsk Oblast, Pechora-Ilych in the Komi Republic, Bashkir and its former branch Shulgan-Tash in Bashkortostan, Visim in Sverdlovsk Oblast, Southern Ural in Bashkortostan, Basegi in Perm Krai, Vishera in Perm Krai and Denezhkin Kamen in Sverdlovsk Oblast. Their ownership went to the Moscow state in 1471, together with lands around the Kama River. The Urals are among the world's oldest extant mountain ranges. He sacrificed his life for the sake of his people, and they poured a stone pile over his grave, which later turned into the Ural Mountains. The eastern parts receive from 500 to 600 mm on the north to 300–400 mm on the south. Western rivers, especially north-western ones, are more affluent. The sediments to the west of the Ural Mountains are formed of limestone, dolomite and sandstone left from ancient shallow seas. [1][4], The mountains contain a number of deep lakes. Vaygach Island and the island of Novaya Zemlya form a further continuation of the chain on the north. [3][4], Steppes of the Southern Urals are dominated by hares and rodents such as gophers, susliks and jerboa. Farther to the north, in the Central Urals, boreal forests (taiga) of spruce, fir, pine, and larch grow on the mountain, podzolic soils. They formed during the Uralian orogeny due to the collision of the eastern edge of the supercontinent Laurasia with the young and rheologically weak continent of Kazakhstania, which now underlies much of Kazakhstan and West Siberia west of the Irtysh, and intervening island arcs. [1][4], The climate of the Urals is continental. [3], The climate of Ural is continental. Placing tourists is expected at the tourist camp in the countryside. We will decide later on if we will also offer other Ural spare parts here. Six megaprojects by UrFU and partners focused on … [1][4], One of the first scientific descriptions of the mountains was published in 1770–71. and a network of markets spread over Ural. The most territory of historical and modern Ural was included in Perm Gubernia. The deepest lake (136 m) is Bolshoe Schuchye. Many deformed and metamorphosed rocks, mostly of Paleozoic age, surface within the Urals. Employees work at the Ural Automotive Plant (UralAZ) in the town of Miass in the Ural mountains, Russia, March 22, 2016. This is a historical, not an official entity, with borders overlapping its Western Volga and Eastern Siberia neighboring regions. By topography and other natural features, the Urals are divided, from north to south, into the Polar (or Arctic), Nether-Polar (or Sub-Arctic), Northern, Central and Southern parts. A magnified image of one of the nano coils found in the Ural Mountains. Grain-based agriculture, small-scale industries (wood, leather, pottery, blacksmithing, etc.) [3], Ural forests are inhabited by animals typical of Siberia, such as elk, brown bear, fox, wolf, wolverine, lynx, squirrel and sable (north only). The specialty of the Urals is precious and semi-precious stones, such as emerald, amethyst, aquamarine, jasper, rhodonite, malachite and diamond. Ural Locomotives (Russian: Уральские локомотивы) is a railway engineering company formed as a joint venture between Sinara Transport Machines and Siemens in 2010. The western areas also receive more rainfall than the eastern ones by 150–300 mm (5.9–11.8 in) per year. The Northern Urals are dominated by conifers, namely Siberian fir, Siberian pine, Scots pine, Siberian spruce, Norway spruce and Siberian larch, as well as by silver and downy birches. [1][4], The Central Ural are the lowest part of the Ural, with smooth mountain tops, the highest mountain being 994 m (3,261 ft) (Basegi); they extend south from the river Ufa. 08.00 – 12.00 h. 13.00 – 17.00 h River valleys contain willow, poplar and caragana shrubs.[4]. In particular, those entities include parts of Volga and Siberia, and do not include areas belonging to Kazakhstan. [4] Most high mountains consist of weather-resistant rocks such as quartzite, schist and gabbro that are between 570 and 395 million years old. Kommt mit auf einen Abendspaziergang entlang der Hauptstrasse. The mountains lie within the Ural geographical region and significantly overlap with the Ural Federal District and with the Ural economic region. First joint-stock companies appeared on the Ural in the second half of the 19th century, including those with foreign capital. Dmitry Mamin-Sibiryak (1852–1912) Pavel Bazhov (1879–1950), as well as Aleksey Ivanov and Olga Slavnikova, post-Soviet writers, have written of the region. They include Tobol, Iset, Tura, Pechora, Lozva and Severnaya Sosva Rivers. The eastern mountain slopes have light coniferous taiga forests. An absolute regional treat, this traditional Ural dish is virtually unknown elsewhere, yet … The birds of these areas include rough-legged buzzard, snowy owl, tundra partridge, and rock ptarmigan.[1][4]. Some of the deposits, such as the magnetite ores at Magnitogorsk, are already nearly depleted. [4], Coordinates: .mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}60°00′N 60°00′E / 60.000°N 60.000°E / 60.000; 60.000, Current administrative divisions of Urals, Last edited on 11 December 2020, at 20:09, "Указ Президента РФ от 13 мая 2000 г. N 849 "О полномочном представителе Президента Российской Федерации в федеральном округе" (Decree No 849 by the President of Russia on 13 May 2000)", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ural_(region)&oldid=993659628, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 11 December 2020, at 20:09. Series 'Views of the Ural Mountains'. The first railway across the Ural had been built by 1878 and linked Perm to Yekaterinburg via Chusovoy, Kushva and Nizhny Tagil. With the excursions of 1483 and 1499–1500 across the Ural, Moscow managed to subjugate Yugra completely. Three Ural's plants gave 66% of Soviet tanks and mobile artillery units. [3] Ural mostly lies within Russia but also includes a small part of Northwestern Kazakhstan. The October Revolution brought numerous benefits to the workers, but was followed by the years of Civil Wars (1917–19). The historical center of the Ural is Cherdyn, nowadays it is a small town in Perm Krai. The company owns about 50 … Ural Federal District - Overview. It offers free WiFi. Here are some average weather facts we collected from our historical climate data: During the month of June, July and August you are most likely to experience good weather with pleasant average temperatures that fall between 20 degrees Celsius (68°F) and 25 degrees Celsius (77°F). Schöne kleine Vesuvian-Stufe aus dem Ural in Rußland. [3], During World War II (1941–45) Ural became the industrial backbone of Russia as most important industrial enterprises were evacuated there from the western Russia occupied by Germans. Both Polar and Nether-Polar Urals are typically Alpine; they bear traces of Pleistocene glaciation, along with permafrost and extensive modern glaciation, including 143 extant glaciers. The Polar Ural has an area of about 25,000 km2 and a strongly dissected relief. This word literally means "island" and was used for any territory different from the surrounding terrain. Mayak, 150 km southeast of Yekaterinburg, was a center of the Soviet nuclear industry[1][13][14][15] and site of the Kyshtym disaster. Rivers and lakes are used as a water supply, transport routes and for waterlogging. In 1890 a railway linked Ufa and Chelyabinsk via Zlatoust. This changed the lifestyle of the area and quenches the past armed conflicts. This is because the mountains trap clouds from the Atlantic Ocean. Book Ural, Perm on Tripadvisor: See 494 traveller reviews, 289 candid photos, and great deals for Ural, ranked #4 of 34 hotels in Perm and rated 4 of 5 at Tripadvisor. [3], Most Ural rivers belong to the basin of the Arctic Ocean. The Ural's industrial production increased 3 times in 1943 relatively to 1941 and the military production increased 6 times. Many lands are cultivated. We expect around 5.2 mm of precipitation to fall and cloud covering 100% of the sky, the humidity will be around 96%. In 1430, the town of Solikamsk (Kama Salt) was founded on the Kama at the foothills of the Ural, where salt was produced in open pans. Steppes lie mostly in the southern and especially south-eastern Urals. [4] The lakes found on the western slopes are less numerous and also smaller. Geographically this range marks the northern part of the border between the continents of Europe and Asia. Over the next century, the region was studied by scientists from a number of countries, including Russia (geologist Alexander Karpinsky, botanist Porfiry Krylov and zoologist Leonid Sabaneyev), the United Kingdom (geologist Sir Roderick Murchison), France (paleontologist Édouard de Verneuil), and Germany (naturalist Alexander von Humboldt, geologist Alexander Keyserling). During World War II, hundreds of factories were evacuated from Western Russia before the German occupation, flooding the Urals with industry. Abundant are dwarf birch, mosses and berries (blueberry, cloudberry, black crowberry, etc.). [3], As a result of the Emancipation reform of 1861, most Ural farmers lost more than half of their personal lands. In 1920–21, the industrial production was at the 12% level of that in 1913, but by 1925–26 it recovered to 93% and in 1937 reached 700%. [25], This article is about the land formation. The ridges of the Ural Mountains are elongated from north to south, they effectively absorb sunlight thereby increasing the temperature. Other notable peaks lie along the Iremel mountain ridge (Bolshoy Iremel and Maly Iremel). In addition to iron and copper the Urals were a source of gold, malachite, alexandrite, and other gems such as those used by the court jeweller Fabergé. [8] Turkologists, on the other hand, have achieved majority support for their assertion that 'ural' in Tatar means a belt, and recall that an earlier name for the range was 'stone belt'.[9]. The steep gravelly slopes of mountains and hills of eastern slopes of the Southern Ural are mostly covered with rocky steppes. The eastern slopes are relatively flat, with some hills and rocky outcrops and contain alternating volcanic and sedimentary layers dated to the middle Paleozoic Era. Kazakhs are another significant national fraction of the Southern Ural. They live in the Southern Ural and speak a language of the Turkic group. The continuous and intensive economic development of the last centuries has affected the fauna, and wildlife is much diminished around all industrial centers. Tatischev believes that this oronym is set to "belt" and associates it with the Turkic verb oralu- "gird". The maximum height is 1,499 m (4,918 ft) at Payer Mountain and the average height is 1,000 to 1,100 m (3,300 to 3,600 ft). The administrative center of Urals was moved to Sverdlovsk (nowadays Yekaterinburg) after Revolution and Civil war. The first ample geographic survey of the Ural Mountains was completed in the early 18th century by the Russian historian and geographer Vasily Tatishchev under the orders of Peter I. Those activities peaked around the period of the political collapse of the 1910s in Russia. The Nazis rejected the notion that these mountains demarcated the border of Europe, at least in a cultural … The majority of the Urals population (about 80%) is however Russians, who are mostly concentrated in the cities of the Central and Southern Urals and are involved in the industry. During the Soviet industrialization in the 1930s the city of Magnitogorsk was founded in the South-Eastern Ural as a center of iron smelting and steelmaking. The salt industry was developed in Solikamsk. They multiplied particularly quickly during the reign of Peter I of Russia. A-4614 Marchtrenk. The animals of the Polar Ural are characteristic of the tundra and include fox, lemming and reindeer. In 1648 the town of Kungur was founded at the western foothills of the Middle Ural. [1][4], The Nether-Polar Ural are higher, and up to 150 km (93 mi) wider than the Polar Urals. Geographer E.V. The Ural Mountains. The first people appeared on the Ural at the end of the Early Paleolithic period (about 75 thousand years ago). The nomadic people of the south used to breed horses, but are mostly settled now and are involved in agriculture, especially growth of wheat, potato, melons and watermelons. The western areas are dominated by dark coniferous taiga forests which change to mixed and deciduous forests on the south. The collision lasted nearly 90 million years in the late Carboniferous – early Triassic. Es ist, gerade in der Mineralienwelt, möglich, dass die Farben der Fotographien etwas vom Original abweichen. The overall resulting damage from the shock wave was estimated at $33,000,000. There are many birds of prey such as lesser kestrel and buzzards. The Ural high-speed railway is one of three projects (together with the Moscow-Kazan and Moscow-St.Petersburg routes) that is actively discussed by the governmental officials in order to implement high-speed rail traffic in Russia. My name is Max, I'm from Yekaterinburg. Der Ural (russisch Урал, Уральские горы; auch Uralgebirge genannt) ist ein bis 1895 m hohes und rund 2200 km langes Gebirge, das sich in Nord-Süd-Richtung durch den mittleren Westen Russlands erstreckt und einen Teil der asiatisch-europäischen Grenze darstellt. For its age of 250 to 300 million years, the elevation of the mountains is unusually high. The upper reaches of the Kama and Chusovaya in the Middle Ural, still unexplored, as well as parts of Transuralia still held by the hostile Siberian Khanate, were granted to the Stroganovs by several decrees of the tsar in 1558–1574. The areas west to the Ural Mountains are 1–2 °C warmer in winter than the eastern regions because the former are warmed by the Atlantic winds whereas the eastern slopes are chilled by the Siberian air masses. The Stroganovs' land provided the staging ground for Yermak's incursion into Siberia. At around 9:20 a.m. on Friday, 15 February 2013, an astronomical incident occurred, known as the 2013 Russian meteor event. [1][10] In 1845, Murchison, who had according to Encyclopædia Britannica "compiled the first geologic map of the Ural in 1841",[1] published The Geology of Russia in Europe and the Ural Mountains with de Verneuil and Keyserling.[10][11]. [25], The region served as a military stronghold during Peter the Great's Great Northern War with Sweden, during Stalin's rule when the Magnitogorsk Metallurgical Complex was built and Russian industry relocated to the Urals during the Nazi advance at the beginning of World War II, and as the center of the Soviet nuclear industry during the Cold War. Rivers are slower in the Southern Urals. URAL Motorcycles GmbH. The end of 19th century saw a rapid growth of the Ural cities and of the anti-capitalist movements. In 1574 they founded Ufa. A belt of low mountains and plateaus 1,150 to 1,500 feet (350 to 460 metres) high flanks the Ural Mountains proper along the eastern edge of the Russian Plain. Mon 18/01 The holding company was formed around joint-stock company Uralelektromed in 1999. A modern shop design which breaks with the tradition of common web shops allows our customers to access either with the still popular WindowsXP (min. Western Ural contains deposits of coal, oil, gas and potassium salts. The maximum height is 1,640 m (5,380 ft) (Mount Yamantau) and the width reaches 250 km (160 mi). Some rooms also feature a fireplace, spa bath and kitchenette. The rivers Chusovaya and Belaya were first mentioned in the chronicles of 1396 and 1468, respectively. During the German invasion of the Soviet Union in 1941–1942, the mountains became a key element in Nazi planning for the territories which they expected to conquer in the USSR. [4] The Virgin Komi Forests in the northern Urals are recognized as a World Heritage site. Its highest peak is Mount Narodnaya, approximately 1,895 m (6,217 ft) in elevation.[1]. Ural (region) Ural (Russian: Ура́л) is a geographical region located around the Ural Mountains, between the East European and West Siberian plains. They became active around the 14th century when a number of settlements were established in the Northern Ural and attributed to Veliky Novgorod. In 1725, Philip Johan von Strahlenberg first used the Ural Mountains as part of the eastern demarcation of Europe. Between January-March 2017, total trade turnover into the Urals rose $101.1 million against 2016’s levels to hit a high of $2.2 billion. [14][16], The Ural Mountains extend about 2,500 km (1,600 mi) from the Kara Sea to the Kazakh Steppe along the border of Kazakhstan. [3], In the 17th century, Ural became inhabited by Slavs who brought advanced farming technique and craftsmanship. In 1597 Babinov's road was built across the Ural from Solikamsk to the valley of the Tura, where the town of Verkhoturye (Upper Tura) was founded in 1598.